ABA and the Developmental Model: A Slight Controversy in Autism Therapy

There has long been a debate surrounding the different models of autism care. Choosing an appropriate form of therapy for your autistic child is no easy feat. With so many options, recommendations, and therapy models available, it’s natural to encounter differing suggestions from trusted sources. While the process can sometimes feel overwhelming, we are here to support you, offering resources to make this journey a little easier and (hopefully) more manageable.

Every parent understands that their child is unique and special. While we fully agree with this, we also recognize that there are two things that are universal for all children: 1) the need for safe connection at home and 2) the desire to play.  It’s helpful to keep these universal truths in mind when selecting a therapy model most appropriate for your child. There are several key differences between ABA therapy and the core model of developmental therapy used at Positive Development.

Applied Behavioral Analysis, or ABA, has historically been the leading form of therapy in the autism space as well as providing the most coverage from insurers. Simply, ABA addresses behavior through reinforcement and predetermined goals, in hopes of producing certain behavioral changes. Problem behaviors are often addressed through prompting, reinforcement, consequences, and repetition. The model uses benchmark milestones that are often linked to a child's age and common developmental milestones of a neurotypical child. This approach has caused some tension, as the care model is not fully personalized to a child's unique profile but is instead based on conforming to age-related norms. This therapy does, however, provide broad services, which may target communication, daily living skills, social interaction and more.  Due to the length of existence within the healthcare space, ABA continues to be researched and supported. The main idea of the ABA care model is to change behaviors by using structured lessons and rewards.

Developmental therapy includes DRBI and is part of the broader DIR® care model, which takes a somewhat different approach. This model is rooted in connection, intended to bring parents/caregivers together with their children through holistic forms.  Tailored care is created for the entire profile of a child, allowing growth and development to stem from natural interests and curiosities.  DRBI employs a child-led, play-based approach, providing specialized care without a pre-determined schedule of events or tasks to complete. Engaging in playful activities enhance a child's receptiveness to developmental experiences, such as sharing toys with parents or role-playing scenarios. Through these interactions, children develop essential skills in communication, emotional regulation, and cooperation, laying the groundwork for their overall growth. In DRBI, children take the lead while parents follow, deepening the relationship with their child in the process. This model proves to be less invasive, more empowering and requires far less time to see progress than other types of autistic models of care.

It is important to distinguish the difference between therapy practices. With developmental therapy, the deepening of relationships inevitably impacts overall development through trust as a child becomes more receptive to the individual they are in close connection with. It may seem odd, but a child who trusts their parent or caregiver has higher odds of completing everyday tasks like brushing their teeth or getting dressed. Developmental therapy provides a plethora of skillsets that help a child reconnect with the world through building trust and confidence as well as feeling empowered.

Core differences between ABA and developmental therapy are noted below:

Taking the time to research and understand the foundation of different therapy models is crucial for making informed decisions. By choosing the one that aligns best with your child's needs, family, and long-term goals, you set the stage for meaningful progress and success. As always, we are here to help!  Find our phone number in the lower left corner of our website 🙂